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CAT4104 700 mA Quad Channel Constant Current LED Driver
Description
The CAT4104 provides four matched low dropout current sinks to drive high-brightness LED strings up to 175 mA per channel. The LED channel current is set by an external resistor connected to the RSET pin. The LED pins are compatible with high voltage up to 25 V supporting applications with long strings of LEDs. The EN/PWM logic input supports the device enable and high frequency external Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) dimming control. Thermal shutdown protection is incorporated in the device to disable the LED outputs whenever the die temperature exceeds 150C. The device is available in the 8-pad TDFN 2 mm x 3 mm package and the SOIC 8-Lead 150 mil wide package.
Features
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SOIC-8 V SUFFIX CASE 751BD
TDFN-8 VP SUFFIX CASE 511AK
PIN CONNECTIONS
LED1 LED2 LED3 LED4 SOIC 8-lead (Top View) LED1 LED2 LED3 LED4 TDFN 8-pad (Top View) 1 RSET VIN EN/PWM GND 1 RSET VIN EN/PWM GND
* * * * * * * * *
4 Matched LED Current Sinks up to 175 mA Up to 25 V Operation on LED Pins Low Dropout Current Source (0.4 V at 175 mA) LED Current Set by External Resistor High Frequency PWM Dimming via EN/PWM "Zero" Current Shutdown Mode Thermal Shutdown Protection TDFN 8-pad 2 x 3 mm and SOIC 8-lead Packages These Devices are Pb-Free, Halogen Free/BFR Free and are RoHS Compliant
Applications
* Automotive Lighting * General and Architectural Lighting * LCD Backlight
VCC 3 V to 25 V LEDs VIN 5V OFF ON CAT4104 LED1 VIN EN/PWM RSET LED2 LED3 LED4 175 mA
MARKING DIAGRAMS
CAT4104V
HC
CAT4104V = CAT4104V HC = CAT4104VP2
ORDERING INFORMATION
Device CAT4104V-GT3 (Note 1) CAT4104VP2-GT3 (Note 1) Package SOIC-8 (Pb-Free) TDFN-8 (Pb-Free) Shipping 3,000/ Tape & Reel 3,000/ Tape & Reel
R1 768 W
GND
Figure 1. Typical Application Circuit
1. Lead Finish is NiPdAu
(c) Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2010
March, 2010 - Rev. 2
1
Publication Order Number: CAT4104/D
CAT4104
Table 1. ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Parameter VIN, RSET, EN/PWM Voltages LED1, LED2, LED3, LED4 Voltages Storage Temperature Range Junction Temperature Range Lead Temperature Rating -0.3 to 6 -0.3 to 25 -65 to +160 -40 to +150 300 Unit V V _C _C _C
Stresses exceeding Maximum Ratings may damage the device. Maximum Ratings are stress ratings only. Functional operation above the Recommended Operating Conditions is not implied. Extended exposure to stresses above the Recommended Operating Conditions may affect device reliability.
Table 2. RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS
Parameter VIN Voltage applied to LED1 to LED4, outputs off Voltage applied to LED1 to LED4, outputs on Ambient Temperature Range ILED per LED pin Rating 3.0 to 5.5 up to 25 up to 6 (Note 2) -40 to +85 10 to 175 Unit V V V _C mA
2. Keeping LEDx pin voltage below 6 V in operation is recommended to minimize thermal dissipation in the package. NOTE: Typical application circuit with external components is shown on page 1.
Table 3. ELECTRICAL OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS (Min and Max values are over the recommended operating conditions unless specified otherwise. Typical values are at VIN = 5.0 V, TAMB = 25C.)
Symbol ILED-ACC ILED-DEV VDOUT VRSET IQ IQSHDN REN/PWM VHI VLO TSD THYS ILED/IRSET VUVLO Name LED Current Accuracy Conditions I LEDNOM * I LED I LEDNOM I LED * I LEDAVG I LEDAVG ILED = 175 mA 1.17 No LED, RSET = Float No LED, RSET = 770 W VEN = 0 V 200 1.3 0.4 150 20 25 mA LED current 100 2.0 V -5 Min Typ 2 1 400 1.2 0.6 6 1 1.23 +5 Max Units %
LED Channel Matching
(Note 3)
%
Dropout Voltage RSET Pin Voltage Quiescent Current Shutdown Current EN/PWM Pin - Internal pull-down resistance - Logic High Level - Logic Low Level Thermal Shutdown Thermal Hysteresis RSET to LED Current gain ratio Undervoltage lockout (UVLO) threshold
mV V mA mA kW V V C C
3. Min and Max values are tested for ILED = 50 mA, VIN = 3.5 V, VLEDx = 0.4 V, TAMB = 25C.
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CAT4104
Table 4. RECOMMENDED EN/PWM TIMING (Min and Max values are over the recommended operating conditions unless specified otherwise. Typical values are at VIN = 5.0 V, TAMB = 25C.)
Symbol TPS TP1 TP2 TR TF TLO THI TPWRDWN Name Turn-On time, EN/PWM rising to ILED from shutdown Turn-On time, EN/PWM rising to ILED Turn-Off time, EN/PWM falling to ILED LED rise time LED fall time EN/PWM low time EN/PWM high time EN/PWM low time to shutdown delay THI TLO EN/PWM SHUTDOWN TP2 TPS LED CURRENT SHUTDOWN 0 mA 50% TP1 TR 50% 90% 10% 0 mA TF I LED + 1.2 V R SET 100 POWERDOWN SHUTDOWN 0 mA Conditions ILED = 175 mA ILED = 80 mA ILED = 175 mA ILED = 175 mA ILED = 80 mA ILED = 175 mA ILED = 80 mA ILED = 175 mA ILED = 80 mA 1 5 4 TPWRDWN 8 Min Typ 1.5 1.3 600 400 300 700 440 360 320 Max Units ms ns ns ns ns ms ms ms
QUIESCENT CURRENT SHUTDOWN 0 mA
SHUTDOWN 0 mA
Figure 2. CAT4104 EN/PWM Timing
EN/PWM Operation The EN/PWM pin has two primary functions. One function enables and disables the device. The other function turns the LED channels on and off for PWM dimming control. The device has a very fast turn-on time (from EN/PWM rising to LED on) and allows "instant on" when dimming LED using a PWM signal. Accurate linear dimming is compatible with PWM frequencies from 100 Hz to 5 kHz for PWM duty cycle down to 1%. PWM frequencies up to 50 kHz can be supported for duty cycles greater than 10%.
When performing a combination of low frequencies and small duty cycles, the device may enter shutdown mode. This has no effect on the dimming accuracy, because the turn-on time TPS is very short, in the range of 1 ms. To ensure that PWM pulses are recognized, pulse width low time TLO should be longer than 1 ms. The CAT4104 enters a "zero current" shutdown mode after a 4 ms delay (typical) when EN/PWM is held low.
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CAT4104
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
(VIN = 5 V, VCC = 5 V, LED forward voltage = 3.5 V, CIN = 1 mF, TAMB = 25C unless otherwise specified.) 1.2 QUIESCENT CURRENT (mA) QUIESCENT CURRENT (mA) No Load 1.0 8
6
0.8
4
0.6
2
0.4
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
0
0
0.5
1.0 RSET CURRENT (mA)
1.5
2.0
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
Figure 3. Quiescent Current vs. Input Voltage (RSET Open)
7.0 QUIESCENT CURRENT (mA) Full Load LED CURRENT (mA) 6.5 200 160 120 80 40 0
Figure 4. Quiescent Current vs. RSET Current
6.0
5.5
5.0
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
LED PIN VOLTAGE (V)
Figure 5. Quiescent Current vs. Input Voltage (Full Load)
200 160 120 80 40 0 200 160 LED CURRENT (mA) 120 80 40 0 -40
Figure 6. LED Dropout vs. LED Pin Voltage
LED CURRENT (mA)
3.0
3.5
4.0 VIN (V)
4.5
5.0
5.5
0
40 TEMPERATURE (C)
80
120
Figure 7. LED Line Regulation
Figure 8. LED Current Change vs. Temperature
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CAT4104
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
(VIN = 5 V, VCC = 5 V, LED forward voltage = 3.5 V, CIN = 1 mF, TAMB = 25C unless otherwise specified.) 1000 200 160 LED CURRENT (mA) LED CURRENT (mA) 120 80 40 10 0
100
0.1
1 RSET (kW)
10
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
LED PIN VOLTAGE (V)
Figure 9. LED Current vs. RSET Resistor
1.30 1.30
Figure 10. LED Current vs. LED Pin Voltage
RSET VOLTAGE (V)
1.20
RSET VOLTAGE (V)
1.25
1.25
1.20
1.15
1.15
1.10
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
1.10 -40
0
40 TEMPERATURE (C)
80
120
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
Figure 11. RSET Pin Voltage vs. Input Voltage
1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2
Figure 12. RSET Pin Voltage vs. Temperature
LED OFF CURRENT (mA)
-40C 25C 125C
0
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
LED PIN VOLTAGE (V)
Figure 13. LED Off Current vs. LED Pin Voltage
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CAT4104
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
(VIN = 5 V, VCC = 5 V, LED forward voltage = 3.5 V, CIN = 1 mF, TAMB = 25C unless otherwise specified.) 25 20 15 10 5 0 ENABLE THRESHOLD (V) 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 -40C 25C 85C
ENABLE CURRENT (mA)
0
1
2
3
4
5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
ENABLE VOLTAGE (V)
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
Figure 14. EN/PWM Pull-down Current vs. VEN/PWM
Figure 15. EN/PWM Threshold vs. VIN
Figure 16. Power Up from Shutdown
Figure 17. Power Down
Figure 18. PWM 200 Hz, 1% Duty Cycle
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CAT4104
Table 5. PIN DESCRIPTIONS
Name LED1 LED2 LED3 LED4 GND EN/PWM VIN RSET Pin SOIC 8-Lead 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Pin TDFN 8-Lead 1 2 3 4 5 and TAB 6 7 8 LED1 cathode terminal LED2 cathode terminal LED3 cathode terminal LED4 cathode terminal Ground reference Device enable input and PWM control Device supply pin LED current set pin for the LED channels Function
Pin Function VIN is the supply pin for the device. A small 0.1 mF ceramic bypass capacitor is optional for noisy environments. Whenever the input supply falls below the under-voltage threshold, all LED channels are automatically disabled. EN/PWM is the enable and one wire dimming input for all LED channels. Guaranteed levels of logic high and logic low are set at 1.3 V and 0.4 V respectively. When EN/PWM is initially taken high, the device becomes enabled and all LED currents are set at a gain of 100 times the current in RSET. To place the device into zero current shutdown mode, the EN/PWM pin must be held low for 4 ms typical. LED1 to LED4 provide individual regulated currents for each of the LED cathodes. There pins enter a high
impedance zero current state whenver the device is placed in shutdown mode. RSET pin is connected to an external resistor to set the LED channel current. The ground side of the external resistor should be star connected to the GND of the PCB. The pin source current mirrors the current to the LED sinks. The voltage at this pin is regulated to 1.2 V. GND is the ground reference for the device. The pin must be connected to the ground plane on the PCB. TAB (TDFN 8-Lead Only) is the exposed pad underneath the package. For best thermal performance, the tab should be soldered to the PCB and connected to the ground plane.
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CAT4104
Block Diagram
VIN LED1 LED2 VIN EN/PWM 1.2 V Reference LED3 LED4
RSET
Current Setting
4 Current Sink Regulators
GND
Figure 19. CAT4104 Functional Block Diagram
Basic Operation The CAT4104 has four tightly matched current sinks to regulate LED current in each channel. The LED current in the four channels is mirrored from the current flowing through the RSET pin according to the following formula:
I LED ^ 100 1.2 V R SET
Table 6 shows standard resistor values for RSET and the corresponding LED current.
Table 6. RSET RESISTOR SETTINGS
LED Current [mA] 20 60 100 175 RSET [kW] 6.34 2.10 1.27 0.768
Tight current regulation for all channels is possible over a wide range of input voltages and LED voltages due to independent current sensing circuitry on each channel. Each LED channel needs a minimum of 400 mV headroom to sink constant regulated current up to 175 mA. If the input supply falls below 2 V, the under-voltage lockout circuit disables all LED channels. Any unused LED channels should be left open. For applications requiring more than 175 mA current, LED channels can be tied together to sink up to a total of 700 mA from the one device. The LED channels can withstand voltages up to 25 V. This makes the device ideal for driving long strings of high power LEDs from a high voltage source.
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CAT4104
Application Information
Single 12 V Supply Nightlight Detection
The circuit shown in Figure 20 shows how to power the LEDs from a single 12 V supply using the CAT4104. Three external components are needed to create a lower voltage necessary for the VIN pin (below 5.5 V). The resistor R2 and zener diode Z provide a regulated voltage while the quiescent current runs through the N-Channel transistor M. The recommended parts are ON Semiconductor MM3Z6V2 zener diode (in SOD-323 package), and 2N7002L N-Channel transistor (in SOT23).
12 V C2 1 mF R2 5 kW Z 6.2 V C1 0.1 mF
M VIN LED1 CAT4104 LED2 EN/PWM LED3 RSET LED4 GND
The circuit shown in Figure 22 illustrates how to use the CAT4104 in an automatic night light application. The light sensor allows the CAT4104 to be disabled during the day and enabled during the night. Five external components are needed to properly configure the part for night detection. Resistor R3 limits the quiescent current through the N-Channel transistor M. Resistors R1 and R2 act as a voltage divider to create the required voltage to turn on transistor M, which disables the CAT4104. The recommended parts are ON Semiconductor 2N7002L N-Channel transistor (in SOT23) and the Microsemi LX1972 light sensor. For best performance, the LED light should not interfere with the light sensor.
5V C2 1 mF R1 100 kW VDD Light Sensor VSS R3 100 kW C1 0.1 mF OFF ON M R4 VIN LED1 CAT4104 LED2 LED3 EN/PWM RSET LED4 GND
R1
Figure 20. Single Supply Driving 12 LEDs Daylight Detection
The circuit in Figure 21 shows how to use CAT4104 in an automatic light sensor application. The light sensor allows the CAT4104 to be enabled during the day and disabled during the night. Two external components are required to configure the part for ambient light detection and conserve power. Resistor R1 sets the bias for the light sensor. The recommended part is Microsemi LX1972 light sensor. For best performance, the LED light should not interfere with the light sensor.
5V C2 1 mF R1 100 kW VDD Light Sensor VSS VIN LED1 CAT4104 LED2 LED3 EN/PWM RSET LED4 GND
R2 1 MW
Figure 22. Nightlight Detection LED Current Derating
C1 0.1 mF OFF ON
R1
The circuit shown in Figure 23 provides LED temperature derating to avoid over-driving the LED under high ambient temperatures, by reducing the LED current to protect the LED from over-heating. The positive thermo coefficient (PTC) thermistor RPTC is used for temperature sensing and should be located near the LED. As the temperature of RPTC increases, the gate voltage of the MOSFET M1 decreases. This causes the transistor M1 on-resistance to increase which results in a reduction of the LED current. The circuit is powered from a single VCC voltage of 5 V. The recommended parts are Vishay 70C thermistor PTCSS12T071DTE and ON Semiconductor 2N7002L N-Channel transistor (in SOT23). The PCB and heatsink for the LED should be designed such that the LED current is constant within the normal temperature range. But as soon as the ambient temperature exceeds a max threshold, the LED current drops to protect the LEDs from overheating.
Figure 21. Daylight Detection
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CAT4104
VCC 5V C2 1 mF RPTC 350 mA
For a given package style and board layout, the operating junction temperature TJ is a function of the power dissipation PD, and the ambient temperature, resulting in the following equation:
T J + T AMB ) P D(q JC ) q CA) + T AMB ) P D q JA
C1 0.1 mF
VIN LED1 CAT4104 LED2 EN/PWM LED3 LED4 RSET GND M1
R1 1436 W R2 5 kW
When mounted on a double-sided printed circuit board with two square inches of copper allocated for "heat spreading", the resulting qJA is about 90C/W for the TDFN-8 package, and 160C/W for the SOIC-8 package. For example, at 60C ambient temperature, the maximum power dissipation for the TDFN-8 is calculated as follow:
P Dmax + T Jmax * T AMB + 150 * 60 + 1 W q JA 90
Recommended Layout
Figure 23. LED Current Derating Power Dissipation
The power dissipation (PD) of the CAT4104 can be calculated as follows:
P D + (V IN I IN) ) S(V LEDN I LEDN)
A small ceramic capacitor should be placed as close as possible to the driver VIN pin. The RSET resistor should have a Kelvin connection to the GND pin of the CAT4104. The board layout should provide good thermal dissipation through the PCB. In the case of the CAT4104VP2 in the TDFN package, a via can be used to connect the center tab to a large ground plane underneath as shown on Figure 24.
where VLEDN is the voltage at the LED pin, and ILEDN is the LED current. Combinations of high VLEDN voltage and high ambient temperature can cause the CAT4104 to enter thermal shutdown. In applications where VLEDN is high, a resistor can be inserted in series with the LED string to lower the power dissipation PD. Thermal dissipation of the junction heat consists primarily of two paths in series. The first path is the junction to the case (qJC) thermal resistance which is defined by the package style, and the second path is the case to ambient (qCA) thermal resistance, which is dependent on board layout. The overall junction to ambient (qJA) thermal resistance is equal to:
q JA + q JC ) q CA
Figure 24. CAT4104 Recommended Layout
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CAT4104
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS
SOIC 8, 150 mils CASE 751BD-01 ISSUE O
SYMBOL A A1 b c E1 E D E E1 e h L PIN # 1 IDENTIFICATION TOP VIEW 0.25 0.40 MIN 1.35 0.10 0.33 0.19 4.80 5.80 3.80 1.27 BSC 0.50 1.27 NOM MAX 1.75 0.25 0.51 0.25 5.00 6.20 4.00
0
8
D
h
A1
A
c e SIDE VIEW b L END VIEW
Notes: (1) All dimensions are in millimeters. Angles in degrees. (2) Complies with JEDEC MS-012.
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CAT4104
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS
TDFN8, 2x3 CASE 511AK-01 ISSUE A
D A e b
E
E2 PIN#1 IDENTIFICATION
A1 PIN#1 INDEX AREA D2 L
TOP VIEW
SIDE VIEW
BOTTOM VIEW
SYMBOL A A1 A2 A3 b D D2 E E2 e L
MIN 0.70 0.00 0.45 0.20 1.90 1.30 2.90 1.20 0.20
NOM 0.75 0.02 0.55 0.20 REF 0.25 2.00 1.40 3.00 1.30 0.50 TYP 0.30
MAX 0.80 0.05 0.65 0.30 2.10 1.50 3.10 1.40 0.40 FRONT VIEW A2 A3
Notes: (1) All dimensions are in millimeters. (2) Complies with JEDEC MO-229.
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CAT4104
Example of Ordering Information (Note 6)
Prefix CAT Device # 4104 Suffix V -G T3
Company ID (Optional)
Product Number 4104
Package V: SOIC VP2: TDFN
Lead Finish G: NiPdAu
Tape & Reel (Note 8) T: Tape & Reel 3: 3,000 / Reel
4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
All packages are RoHS-compliant (Lead-free, Halogen-free). The standard plated finish is NiPdAu. The device used in the above example is a CAT4104V-GT3 (SOIC, NiPdAu, Tape & Reel, 3,000/Reel). For additional temperature options, please contact your nearest ON Semiconductor Sales office. For information on tape and reel specifications, including part orientation and tape sizes, please refer to our Tape and Reel Packaging Specifications Brochure, BRD8011/D.
ON Semiconductor and are registered trademarks of Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC (SCILLC). SCILLC reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. SCILLC makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does SCILLC assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation special, consequential or incidental damages. "Typical" parameters which may be provided in SCILLC data sheets and/or specifications can and do vary in different applications and actual performance may vary over time. All operating parameters, including "Typicals" must be validated for each customer application by customer's technical experts. SCILLC does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others. SCILLC products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body, or other applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the SCILLC product could create a situation where personal injury or death may occur. Should Buyer purchase or use SCILLC products for any such unintended or unauthorized application, Buyer shall indemnify and hold SCILLC and its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, and distributors harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, and reasonable attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized use, even if such claim alleges that SCILLC was negligent regarding the design or manufacture of the part. SCILLC is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer. This literature is subject to all applicable copyright laws and is not for resale in any manner.
PUBLICATION ORDERING INFORMATION
LITERATURE FULFILLMENT: Literature Distribution Center for ON Semiconductor P.O. Box 5163, Denver, Colorado 80217 USA Phone: 303-675-2175 or 800-344-3860 Toll Free USA/Canada Fax: 303-675-2176 or 800-344-3867 Toll Free USA/Canada Email: orderlit@onsemi.com N. American Technical Support: 800-282-9855 Toll Free USA/Canada Europe, Middle East and Africa Technical Support: Phone: 421 33 790 2910 Japan Customer Focus Center Phone: 81-3-5773-3850 ON Semiconductor Website: www.onsemi.com Order Literature: http://www.onsemi.com/orderlit For additional information, please contact your local Sales Representative
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CAT4104/D

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